The wavelength of light determines its color. Blue light has a shorter wavelength compared to other colors because it corresponds to higher frequencies.
Light is an electromagnetic wave, and its wavelength is inversely proportional to its frequency. The relationship is described by the equation:
c = λν
Where: c is the speed of light (approximately 3.0 × 10^8 meters per second), λ is the wavelength of light, and ν (nu) is the frequency of light.
Since the speed of light is constant, if the frequency increases, the wavelength must decrease, and vice versa.
The visible spectrum of light spans a range of wavelengths from approximately 400 nanometers (violet/blue) to 700 nanometers (red). Blue light has a shorter wavelength (around 400-500 nm) than red light (around 600-700 nm). This means that blue light has a higher frequency than red light.
In summary, blue light has a shorter wavelength because it corresponds to higher frequencies within the visible spectrum of light.