The reflection of light by white objects is not directly related to the discrete energy levels of electrons in atoms. The perception of an object as white occurs when it reflects light of all visible wavelengths more or less equally.
When light interacts with matter, it can be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected. In the case of white objects, they appear white because they reflect most of the incident light across the entire visible spectrum. The key factor responsible for this broad reflection is the material's microscopic structure.
White objects typically consist of multiple layers or a complex arrangement of particles at the microscopic level. These structures interact with light in a way that causes the incident light to scatter and reflect in various directions. As a result, the different wavelengths of visible light are scattered and reflected collectively, giving rise to the perception of white.
It's important to note that the electron energy levels in atoms are involved in the absorption and emission of light, which determine the color of objects. However, when an object appears white, it means that it reflects a significant portion of incident light across all visible wavelengths, rather than absorbing specific wavelengths associated with discrete energy transitions of electrons.
In summary, the ability of white objects to reflect all wavelengths of visible light is a result of their microscopic structure and the scattering and reflection of light, rather than being directly related to the discrete energy levels of electrons in atoms.