Yes, electromagnetic waves do transfer momentum. This phenomenon is described by the concept of radiation pressure. When an electromagnetic wave, such as light, interacts with an object, it exerts a force on that object, transferring momentum to it.
The momentum transfer arises from the fact that electromagnetic waves carry both energy and momentum. The momentum of an electromagnetic wave is proportional to its energy and direction of propagation. When the wave interacts with a reflecting or absorbing surface, it imparts momentum to that surface.
This transfer of momentum can be observed in various situations. For example, in solar sailing, a spacecraft uses the momentum transfer from sunlight to propel itself through space. Photons from the Sun's light exert a pressure on a large, reflective sail, transferring momentum to the spacecraft and causing it to accelerate.
Additionally, in the field of optics, scientists have developed techniques such as optical tweezers, where tightly focused laser beams are used to trap and manipulate microscopic objects. The momentum carried by the laser beam exerts a force on the trapped particles, allowing researchers to control their motion.
In summary, electromagnetic waves do transfer momentum through the phenomenon of radiation pressure, and this effect has practical applications in various fields of science and technology.