To determine which substance has the largest number of atoms, we need to calculate the number of moles for each substance using their molar masses. The molar mass of hydrogen (H2) is approximately 2 g/mol, oxygen (O2) is approximately 32 g/mol, nitrogen (N2) is approximately 28 g/mol, and fluorine (F2) is approximately 38 g/mol.
Using the formula:
Number of moles = Mass (in grams) / Molar mass,
we can calculate the number of moles for each substance:
A. 1g of H2: 1 g / 2 g/mol = 0.5 mol of H2 B. 1g of O2: 1 g / 32 g/mol = 0.03125 mol of O2 C. 1g of N2: 1 g / 28 g/mol = 0.03571 mol of N2 D. 1g of F2: 1 g / 38 g/mol = 0.02632 mol of F2
To find the largest number of atoms, we need to consider Avogadro's number, which states that there are approximately 6.022 x 10^23 atoms in 1 mole of a substance.
Multiplying the number of moles by Avogadro's number will give us the number of atoms:
A. Number of atoms in 0.5 mol of H2: 0.5 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 3.011 x 10^23 atoms B. Number of atoms in 0.03125 mol of O2: 0.03125 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 1.881 x 10^22 atoms C. Number of atoms in 0.03571 mol of N2: 0.03571 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 2.150 x 10^22 atoms D. Number of atoms in 0.02632 mol of F2: 0.02632 mol * 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 1.582 x 10^22 atoms
Therefore, 1g of H2 (choice A) has the largest number of atoms, with approximately 3.011 x 10^23 atoms.