Yes, light can be demonstrated to exhibit both wave and particle properties. This duality of light is known as the wave-particle duality, which is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics.
There are several experiments that can be conducted by high school students to demonstrate the wave-particle duality of light. Here are two commonly performed experiments:
Double-Slit Experiment: This experiment demonstrates the wave nature of light. It requires a laser, a barrier with two narrow slits, and a screen placed behind the barrier. The steps are as follows: a) Set up the laser so that it shines through the barrier with the two slits. b) Place a screen behind the barrier to observe the pattern of light. c) Turn on the laser and observe the pattern that appears on the screen. d) You will see an interference pattern of light and dark bands, known as an interference pattern. e) This pattern is a result of the light waves passing through the two slits and interfering with each other constructively and destructively. f) The interference pattern indicates the wave-like behavior of light.
Photoelectric Effect Experiment: This experiment demonstrates the particle nature of light. It requires a low-intensity light source, a clean metal surface (e.g., zinc plate), and a circuit with an ammeter. The steps are as follows: a) Set up the circuit with the ammeter, connecting the metal plate to one side and the power supply to the other. b) Ensure the metal plate is clean and free from any oxide layer. c) Shine the low-intensity light onto the metal plate. d) Observe the ammeter reading. e) If the light has enough energy (frequency) to exceed the metal's work function, electrons will be ejected from the metal surface. f) The ammeter will indicate a current flow, showing the particle-like behavior of light (photons).
These experiments demonstrate the dual nature of light and provide evidence for its wave-particle duality. By performing these experiments, high school students can gain a better understanding of this fascinating concept.