Frequency modulation (FM) offers several benefits over other types of wave modulation, such as unmodulated waves (continuous waves) and amplitude modulation (AM) waves. Here are some advantages of using frequency modulated waves for transmission purposes:
Noise immunity: FM signals are more resistant to noise interference compared to AM signals. Since FM relies on changes in frequency rather than changes in amplitude, it is less affected by amplitude variations caused by noise. This makes FM particularly advantageous in environments with high levels of electromagnetic interference and noise.
Improved signal quality: FM provides better signal quality and fidelity. The modulation process preserves the original signal characteristics more effectively, resulting in clearer audio transmission and reduced distortion. FM signals also have a higher signal-to-noise ratio, allowing for better reception of the desired signal.
Greater bandwidth efficiency: FM signals occupy a narrower bandwidth compared to AM signals while maintaining good signal quality. This means that more FM channels can be accommodated within the available frequency spectrum, allowing for greater utilization of the frequency resources.
Reduced multipath interference: FM is less susceptible to multipath interference, which occurs when signals reflect off obstacles and reach the receiver via multiple paths. Unlike AM, where multipath interference can cause signal distortion and fading, FM can better handle these effects, leading to more reliable reception.
Automatic gain control: FM receivers can utilize automatic gain control (AGC) circuits that adjust the signal strength to compensate for variations caused by distance or interference. This feature helps maintain a consistent signal level and reduces the need for manual adjustments.
Noise reduction during transmission: FM transmission inherently reduces background noise and static that may be present in the received signal. This noise reduction contributes to a clearer and more intelligible audio experience for FM broadcasts.
Wide range of applications: FM modulation is widely used in various applications, including commercial and public radio broadcasting, two-way radio communications, aviation communication systems, and frequency modulation synthesis in music synthesis.
While FM has these advantages, it is worth noting that different modulation schemes have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of modulation technique depends on the specific requirements and constraints of the application at hand.