The element with atomic number 10 on the periodic table is neon (Ne). Neon is a noble gas and belongs to Group 18, also known as the noble gases or inert gases. It is a colorless, odorless, and chemically inert element, meaning it is generally unreactive with other elements.
Neon is known for its distinctive bright red-orange glow when subjected to electrical discharge, which is commonly observed in neon signs. It is used in various applications, including lighting, lasers, cryogenics, and as a component in gas-filled detectors.
Neon is the second-lightest noble gas after helium and has a full electron shell, making it stable and less likely to form compounds. Its atomic structure consists of 10 protons, 10 electrons, and typically 10 neutrons in its most abundant isotope, neon-20.